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AI Scientist 'Kosmos' Automates Research, Makes 7 Discoveries

Published NOV 6 2025

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Image credit: Sam Rodriques via X

The Facts

Andrew White, the co-founder of FutureHouse and its head of science, announced on Wednesday that the organization had succeeded in creating an AI scientist capable of making "genuine discoveries," after two years of work.
Andrew White on X
FutureHouse is an American nonprofit founded in 2023 to create AI scientists to "automate and accelerate fundamental science that improves human health." The organization claims these systems can accomplish in one day what human scientists would take 4.4 months to achieve.
FutureHouse
In a paper released on Wednesday, FutureHouse introduced Kosmos, an AI scientist that automates data-driven discovery by performing iterative cycles of parallel data analysis, literature searches and hypothesis generation over extended periods of up to 12 hours per run.
arXiv
arXiv
FutureHouse
The system uses a structured world model to coordinate information sharing between two specialized agents, enabling it to "coherently pursue" research objectives across an average of 200 agent rollouts, collectively executing 42,000 lines of code and reading 1,500 papers per run.
arXiv
arXiv
Endpoints News
FutureHouse claimed Kosmos made seven scientific discoveries spanning metabolomics, materials science, neuroscience and statistical genetics, with an average factual accuracy rate of 79.4%. This rate varied from 85.5% for data analysis statements to 57.9% for interpretation statements.
arXiv
arXiv
Sam Rodriques on X
The researchers, however, found several limitations with the system, such as Kosmos inventing "unorthodox quantitative metrics" that were "conceptually obscure and difficult to interpret," as well as the system's technical specifications, which are only capable of managing datasets of up to 5GB.
arXiv
Endpoints News
Sam Rodriques on X

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The Spin

Techno-optimist narrative

Kosmos is a genuine breakthrough in AI-driven scientific discovery, having made seven externally validated discoveries across multiple fields following years of rigorous development. With its high factual accuracy, Kosmos could quickly advance scientific research and technological development, becoming transformative in the field.

Andrew White on X

Techno-skeptic narrative

AI scientists are hype without substance, delivering vague results that no legitimate scientist would take seriously. These systems fundamentally lack the empirical rigor, transparency and contextual understanding necessary for credible research. By entrusting AI to spearhead scientific discovery, its supporters risk undermining the integrity of science itself.

TechCrunch

Metaculus Prediction

Editor's Note

This story currently has limited coverage. We will continue to monitor all major outlets and update our reporting as additional information becomes available.